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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder involves difficulty sustaining attention, impulsivity and sometimes hyperactivity. It's a different neurology that brings creativity and intense energy.

Attention Deficit Disorder without hyperactivity mainly shows as concentration difficulties and daydreaming. People with ADD are often very creative and empathetic.

Autism Spectrum Disorder encompasses a wide range of profiles, characterized by differences in social communication and sensory processing. Autism is a neurological identity, not an illness.

A form of autism without intellectual disability or significant language delay (formerly known as Asperger syndrome). Often associated with intense special interests, great honesty and a strong sense of justice.

Dyslexia is a learning difference affecting reading and word decoding. It is not related to intelligence and is often accompanied by strong visual and creative thinking abilities.

Developmental Coordination Disorder affects motor planning and movement coordination. People with dyspraxia often develop creative strategies to adapt.

Dyscalculia is a difficulty processing numbers and mathematical reasoning. It is independent of general intelligence and doesn't prevent complex logical reasoning.

A difficulty with spelling acquisition and mastery, often associated with dyslexia. Spelling errors do not reflect the person's level of thought or culture.

Developmental Language Disorder affects the expression and/or comprehension of spoken language. It is not a lack of intelligence but a difference in language processing.

High Intellectual Potential describes a way of thinking that is faster, more intense and often more creative. HPI people also often experience great emotional sensitivity and deep questioning about the world.

High Emotional Potential describes extraordinary emotional intensity and empathy. It is not a weakness; it's a way of being deeply connected to others and the world.

Twice exceptionality describes people who have both high potential and one or more learning or neurodevelopmental differences. This complex profile is often misunderstood.

A term popularized by Jeanne Siaud-Facchin to describe gifted people. Like the zebra, each HPI individual is unique — no two zebras have the same stripes.

Bipolar disorder type I is characterized by intense manic episodes alternating with depressive phases. Once stabilized, it allows for a fulfilling life and deep relationships.

Type II involves hypomania (elevated energy phases less severe than mania) and depression. These cycles often create great creativity and sensitivity.

Cyclothymia is a mild form of bipolar disorder with chronic mood swings between moderate highs and lows. It can make relationships complex but also very intense.

Dysthymia is a low-intensity but chronic depression lasting at least two years. People who experience it often develop great resilience and deep empathy.

SAD is a form of recurring depression linked to seasonal changes, especially in winter due to lack of light. Light therapy and social connection are important wellbeing factors.

GAD manifests as excessive, difficult-to-control worry about many aspects of life. People with GAD often have great risk awareness and remarkable attention to detail.

OCD is characterized by recurring intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety. With good support, it doesn't prevent living a rich and fulfilling life.

PTSD occurs after a traumatic event and manifests as flashbacks, hypervigilance and avoidance. Trauma survivors often have exceptional strength and emotional depth.

Panic disorder manifests as recurrent, unexpected panic attacks, often accompanied by intense fear of experiencing them again. With good support, people learn to manage them effectively.

Social anxiety is an intense fear of others' gaze and social judgment. It often coexists with great inner richness and a sincere desire for authentic connection.

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by intense emotional instability, intense relationships and fear of abandonment. Borderline people experience emotions on the surface — an intensity that can be a strength.

Avoidant personality is characterized by hypersensitivity to rejection and a tendency to avoid social situations for fear of judgment. Behind the reserve often hides great sensitivity.

Schizoid personality is characterized by a strong need for solitude, little interest in social relationships and a very rich inner world. These people often have exceptional creativity and imaginative life.

Sensory hypersensitivity describes increased intensity in perceiving sounds, lights, textures, smells or tastes. It is often accompanied by great empathy and a deep connection to the world.

Synesthesia is a neurological trait where stimulating one sense automatically triggers perception of another (e.g., hearing colors, seeing colored numbers). It's a unique and often poetic way of perceiving the world.

Misophonia is a strong emotional reaction (irritation, anger, anxiety) triggered by specific sounds, often related to mouth or breathing noises. It is increasingly well recognized and documented.

The Highly Sensitive Person concept describes individuals who process sensory and emotional stimuli more deeply. This non-medical trait affects approximately 15-20% of the population.

High creative potential describes exceptional divergent thinking, an ability to make unexpected connections and a strong need to create. These people see the world differently and enrich everything they touch.

SPD describes difficulties processing and integrating sensory information from the environment. It can manifest as hypersensitivity, hyposensitivity or intense sensory seeking.

Tourette syndrome is characterized by involuntary motor and vocal tics. Often associated with ADHD or OCD, it does not affect intelligence and many people with Tourette live very fulfilling lives.